Medical and Nursing Management Essay Discussion Paper
Question
Select any one disease condition and describe related anatomy, physiology, etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis evaluation, medical and nursing management with detailed care plan.
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Step 1/6
Explanation:
Its effects on the lungs are demonstrated by a decrease in oxygen absorption capacity and blood flow to organs.
A series of chronic lung disorders known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) make breathing difficult and is a progressive condition that worsens with time.
Step 2/6
AETIOLOGY: Prolonged exposure to toxic gases or particle matter is the main cause. The most frequent cause is smoking cigarettes.
Explanation:
Copd is also brought on by occupational and environmental exposures, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), ageing, and gene-environment interactions.
Step 3/6
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY:
Explanation:
Changes in structure and physiology result from repeated injury and repair. The lung’s inflammatory and structural abnormalities persist after quitting smoking and get worse as the disease gets worse.
COPD leads to the destruction of the lungs airways and small sacs, which can be felt as a progression of a cough with mucous to dyspnea.
Step 4/6
Clinical signs include wheezing, chest tightness, exhaustion, coughing up phlegm, shortness of breath, and frequent respiratory infections.
Explanation:
Severe conditions can result in muscle weakness, swelling of the legs, foot, and ankles.
Step 5/6
The primary diagnostic criteria are symptom and risk factors.
imaging using radiography (chest x-rays and CTscans, ) 6 minute walk test and spirometry.
Explanation:
In addition to the above mentioned, it was detected through lab tests (blood gas analysis, which calculates the blood’s CO2 and oxygen levels). The diagnosis of hereditary disorders like (AATD)alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency can be made through blood tests.
Step 6/6
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT:
Explanation:
Nursing management:
• Treat symptoms
Increasing exercise tolerance, enhancing health, preventing and treating problems, preventing and treating exacerbations, and lowering mortality are all objectives.
• Antibiotics for lung infections caused by bacteria.
Glucocorticosteroids, which are used to treat inflammation.
• antiviral drugs, which can be used to treat the flu.
• oxygen treatment for low oxygen levels.
• bronchodilators to open blocked airways.
• respiratory or ventilator assistance for individuals who couldn’t breathe on their own; respiratory stimulants.
Final answer
A series of chronic lung disorders known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) make breathing difficult and is a progressive condition that worsens with time.
AETIOLOGY: Prolonged exposure to toxic gases or particle matter is the main cause. The most frequent cause is smoking cigarettes.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY:
COPD leads to the destruction of the lungs’ airways and small sacs, which can be felt as a progression of a cough with mucous to dyspnea.
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS: IT include wheezing, chest tightness, exhaustion, coughing up phlegm, shortness of breath, and frequent respiratory infections.
Severe conditions can result in muscle weakness, swelling of the legs, foot, and ankles.
DIAGNOSIS :
The primary diagnostic criteria is done based on symptoms and risk factors.
using radiography imaging (chest x-rays and CT scans ), 6 minute walk test and spirometry we can detect copd. It was also done through lab tests (blood gas analysis, which used to calculate the blood’s CO2 and oxygen levels).
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT:
Antibiotics for lung infections caused by bacteria.
Glucocorticosteroids, which are used to treat inflammation.
• antiviral drugs, which can be used to treat the flu.
• oxygen treatment for low oxygen levels.
• bronchodilators to open blocked airways.
• respiratory or ventilator assistance for individuals who couldn’t breathe on their own; respiratory stimulants.
NURSING MANAGEMENT:
Treat symptoms ,increasing exercise tolerance, enhancing health, preventing and treating problems, preventing and treating exacerbations, and lowering mortality are all objectives. Medical and Nursing Management Essay Discussion Paper