Describing Hormonal Effects Essay Discussion Paper
Q5. For each statement describing hormonal effects, identify the hormone(s) involved by choosing a number from key , and note the hormone’s site of production with a letter from key B. More than one hormone may be involved in some cases. Key A: 1. 2. 3. aldosterone 4. calcitonin 5. epinephrine 6. estrogens 7. 8. glucagon 9. 10. insulin 11. 12. oxytocin 13. progesterone 14. prolactin 15. PTH 16. testosterone 17. T4/ T3 18. TSH 19. thymosin Key B: a. adrenal cortex b. adrenal medulla c. anterior pituitary d. hypothalamus e. ovaries f. pancreas g. parathyroid glands h. posterior pituitary i. testes j. thyroid gland k. thymus 1. basal metabolism hormone 2. , and regulate blood calcium levels 4. drive development of secondary sexual characteristics and 5. regulate the function of another endocrine gland 6. mimic the sympathetic nervous system 7. regulate blood glucose levels; produced by the same “mixed” gland and 8. directly responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle and 9. help maintain salt and water balance in the body fluids 10. involved in milk ejection
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- ACTH: c. anterior pituitary
- ADH: h. posterior pituitary
- aldosterone: a. adrenal cortex
- calcitonin: j. thyroid gland
- epinephrine: b. adrenal medulla
- estrogens: e. ovaries
- FSH: c. anterior pituitary
- glucagon: f. pancreas
- GH: c. anterior pituitary
- insulin: f. pancreas
- LH: c. anterior pituitary
- oxytocin: h. posterior pituitary
- progesterone: e. ovaries
- prolactin: c. anterior pituitary
- PTH: g. parathyroid glands
- testosterone: i. testes
- T4/ T3: j. thyroid gland
- TSH: c. anterior pituitary
- thymosin: k. thymus
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ACTH: stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids. ADH: promotes water reabsorption by the kidneys. Aldosterone: promotes the retention of sodium ions and the excretion of potassium ions by the kidneys, which helps maintain salt and water balance in the body fluids. Calcitonin: lowers blood calcium levels by inhibiting the activity of osteoclasts (bone cells that break down bone tissue). Epinephrine: mimics the sympathetic nervous system and prepares the body for “fight or flight” responses. Estrogens: regulate the development of secondary sexual characteristics in females and are involved in the regulation of the menstrual cycle. FSH: stimulates the growth and development of ovarian follicles in females and hep in spermatogenesis. Glucagon: promotes the release of glucose from glycogen stores in the liver, which helps regulate blood glucose levels. GH: stimulates growth and cell reproduction in humans and other vertebrates. Insulin: promotes the uptake and storage of glucose by cells, which helps regulate blood glucose levels. LH: triggers ovulation in females and the production of testosterone in males. Oxytocin: stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and milk ejection during breastfeeding. Describing Hormonal Effects Essay Discussion Paper
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Progesterone: prepares the uterus for pregnancy and helps maintain pregnancy. Prolactin: stimulates milk production in the mammary glands of lactating females. PTH: increases blood calcium levels by promoting the activity of osteoclasts and the reabsorption of calcium by the kidneys. Testosterone: regulates the development of secondary sexual characteristics in males. T4/T3: regulate basal metabolic rate (BMR) and are involved in the growth and development of the body. TSH: stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete T4/T3. Thymosin: helps mature T lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) in the thymus gland.
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ACTH is produced by the anterior pituitary and stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids. ADH is produced by the posterior pituitary and promotes water reabsorption by the kidneys. Aldosterone is produced by the adrenal cortex and promotes the retention of sodium ions and the excretion of potassium ions by the kidneys to maintain salt and water balance in the body fluids. Calcitonin is produced by the thyroid gland and lowers blood calcium levels by inhibiting the activity of osteoclasts. Epinephrine is produced by the adrenal medulla and mimics the sympathetic nervous system to prepare the body for “fight or flight” responses. Estrogens are produced by the ovaries and regulate the development of secondary sexual characteristics in females and the regulation of the menstrual cycle. FSH is produced by the anterior pituitary and stimulates the growth and help in spermatogenesisin males. Glucagon is produced by the pancreas and promotes the release of glucose from glycogen stores in the liver to regulate blood glucose levels. GH is produced by the anterior pituitary and stimulates growth and cell reproduction in humans and other vertebrates. Insulin is produced by the pancreas and promotes the uptake and storage of glucose by cells to regulate blood glucose levels. LH is produced by the anterior pituitary and triggers ovulation in females and the production of testosterone in males. Oxytocin is produced by the posterior pituitary and stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and milk ejection during breastfeeding. Progesterone is produced by the ovaries and prepares the uterus for pregnancy and helps maintain pregnancy. Prolactin is produced by the anterior pituitary and stimulates milk production in the mammary glands of lactating females. PTH is produced by the parathyroid glands and increases blood calcium levels by promoting the activity of osteoclasts and the reabsorption of calcium by the kidneys. Testosterone is produced by the testes and regulates the development of secondary sexual characteristics in males. T4/T3 are produced by the thyroid gland and regulate basal metabolic rate (BMR) and are involved in the growth and development of the body. TSH is produced by the anterior pituitary and stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete T4/T3. Thymosin is produced by the thymus gland and helps mature T lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) in the thymus gland Describing Hormonal Effects Essay Discussion Paper